Energizer SA

How Batteries Work

BATTERY PARTS​

A battery is basically a mini-power plant, converting a chemical reaction into electrical energy. Dry cell (alkaline) batteries can differ in several ways, but they all have the same basic components.

Container

A steel casing that houses the cathode components

Cathode

This is a mixture of manganese dioxide and carbon. Cathodes are the electrodes that are reduced by the electrochemical reaction

Separator

The separator is a non-woven, fibrous fabric that keeps the electrodes apart

Anode

A powdered zinc metal. Whilst the cathodes are reduced, the anodes are the electrodes that are oxidised in the reaction

Electrodes

These are where the electrochemical reaction takes place

Electrolyte

This is a potassium hydroxide solution in water and acts as the medium for the movement of ions within the cell. It also carries the ionic current inside the battery

Collector

A simple brass pin in the middle of the cell that conducts electricity to the outer circuit